Definition
Encryption scrambles plaintext into ciphertext using algorithms and keys. Symmetric encryption uses one shared key; asymmetric (RSA, ECC) uses public/private key pairs.
HTTPS uses TLS to encrypt HTTP traffic in transit.
In simple terms
Encryption is a locked box, anyone can see the box, but only key holders can open and read what's inside.
Where you see it
- HTTPS protects passwords and API keys in transit.
- Encrypted disks and databases protect data at rest.
- End-to-end encrypted messaging apps.
How it works
1.Choose algorithm
AES for bulk data, RSA/ECC for key exchange.
2.Manage keys
Rotate, store in vaults, never commit to Git.
3.TLS handshake
Browser and server agree on session keys for HTTPS.
Why it matters
- Encryption is baseline security for any app handling user data or API secrets.
Often confused
Encryption makes data impossible to steal.
Keys, endpoints, and decrypted servers remain attack surfaces, encryption protects specific layers.